tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23583560Fri, 24 Jul 2026 06:07:13 +0000Freshwater fishMiscelleousAquarium AdventuresBlue CrayfishShrimpApteronotus albifronsBlack Widow TetraBlue LobsterCherry ShrimpCichilidClownfishCrabCrystal Red ShrimpDiamondbackFish TanksFlorida CrayfishGhost Knife FishGolden Algae EaterHermit CrabLobsterProcambarus alleniRamRed Tail Black SharkReptilesTerrapinTiger BarbsTortoisesaltwater aquariumtank setupAquarium LoreThis blog contains information about tropical aquarium pets. Includes information such as data sheet, care of pets and a photo gallery.noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous)Blogger71125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23583560.post-3360022933623061059Tue, 10 Nov 2009 10:14:00 +00002009-11-11T11:12:30.714+08:00Teacup Stingray<p align="center">This post is dedicated to my reader, Tracy. Thanks for dropping an email about this blog. :) </p><hr /> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 680px; height: 964px;" id="AutoNumber1" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" colspan="2" bg="" height="1" width="30%"> <b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:Verdana;" >Data Sheet</span></b></td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td rowspan="6" height="101" width="89%"> <p align="center"> </p><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" /></a> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><span class="pCo"><b>Scientific Name:</b></span><b> </b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%">Potamotrygon Reticulata</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="1" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Other Names:</b> </span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="1" width="39%">Reticulated Stingray, Teacup Stingray</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Origin:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%">Amazon Basin, South America</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Adult Size:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px;" border="" class="style1" height="19" width="39%">30-35cm (15 inches) disc, not including length of tail </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="20" valign="top" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Social:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="20" width="39%">good, but will eat smaller fishes </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="16" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Lifespan:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px;" border="" class="style1" height="16" width="39%">?</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td height="20" width="89%"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Tank Level:</b> </span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%"> Bottom Dweller </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td rowspan="6" height="132" width="89%"> <div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" /></a> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Minimum Tank Size:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%">125 gallons</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="59" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Diet: </b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="59" width="39%">Carnivourous. Eats shrimps, or any fish small enough to fit in it’s mouth. Accepts worms and krills. </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Breeding:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%">Tough - in aquarium </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204); height: 19px;" border="" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Care:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204); height: 19px;" border="" width="39%">Medium - Difficult </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Ideal pH:</b> </span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%">around 6-7 is usually optimal</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Temperature:</b> </span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%">78-82 degrees F</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td height="19" width="89%"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" valign="top" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Tank setup: </b></span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%"> ideally with thick sand substrate for it to hide itself </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td rowspan="2" height="55" width="89%"> <p align="center"> </p><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Sexing: </b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" height="19" width="39%">A male has 2 so called claspers on the bottom side of the disk.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td height="19" width="22%"><br /></td> <td height="19" width="39%"><br /></td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td height="19" width="89%"><br /></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table style="border-collapse: collapse;" id="AutoNumber3" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="85%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 25%;" valign="top"><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><br /><br /><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" style="width: 251px; height: 182px;" src="; alt="" border="0" /></a> </div><br /><br /><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" style="width: 268px; height: 200px;" src="; alt="" border="0" /></a> </div><br /><br /><br /><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" style="width: 247px; height: 185px;" src="; alt="" border="0" /></a> </div><br /><br /><br /><br /><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" style="width: 246px; height: 164px;" src="; alt="" border="0" /></a> </div><br /><br /><br /><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" style="width: 218px; height: 149px;" src="; alt="" border="0" /></a> </div><br /><br /><br /><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" style="width: 238px; height: 178px;" src="; alt="" border="0" /></a> </div><br /><br /><br /><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" style="width: 230px; height: 172px;" src="; alt="" border="0" /></a> </div><br /><br /><p></p> <p align="center"> </p> </div></td> <td valign="top" width="71%"> <h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">Description: </span></h2> <p>The Teacup stingray is olive color with dark markings resembling a net. They have a white underbody. The tail is about half to three quarters the length of the body. <em>Teacup stingrays</em> can be distinguished from other freshwater stingray species based on its unusually long, pointed tail, flatter body shape, and smaller eyes. Their color pattern usually consists of numerous small, indistinct, light-colored blotches on a darker base color. As they grow older, the web pattern seems to diminish. At full maturity, these stingrays reach up to about fourteen inches in diameter, obviously not including the length of the tail. </p><h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);" class="style1">Habitat/Care:</h2> <p>A minimum aquarium of 125 gallons is required, although larger tanks are preferred. I do recommend anything smaller than this. </p><p>Teacup stingrays are great for aquariums with other fish as long as they are too large for the stingray to consume. They are very peaceful and spend most of their time ignoring other fish. However, males may be a bit aggressive toward other rays occasionally, especially during mating. Ensure that extremely aggressive fish are not housed in a community tank with your stingray or they may attack your ray, causing it severe harm or even death. Moreover, with their preference being the bottom of the tank, you will rarely see these rays venturing to the surface. Also, some plecos have been known to suck off the stingray’s mucus coating on their disk and they will eventually succumb to disease and die. Therefore, I do not recommend having other plecos in the same tank. </p> <p>Teacup stingrays prefer water that has a pH around six or seven with a temperature being near the upper seventies or lower eighties (Fahrenheit). Even though they are relatively hardy, these stingrays are not recommended for those that are not familiar with caring for more than your average aquarium fish. One reason is due to their diet. These rays tend to eat worms (earth worms, black worms, blood worms) as well as small live fish that are within the aquarium. </p> <h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">Diet:</span> </h2> <p>Teacup stingrays are carnivorous and their diet usually consists of benthic invertebrates such as crustaceans and worms, and a limited amount of vegetable matter. In an aquarium, they will accept live worms, bloodworms, cut shrimp, krill, crayfish, cut white fish such as pollock or smelt, and other meaty items.</p><p>Some literature noted that it is difficult to wean <em>Teacup Stingrays </em> off of live blackworms and earthworms once they are large enough to eat other foods.<br /><br />It is essential to understand that the teacup stingray, like all freshwater stingrays, is capable of stinging and have venom within its tail. Although this venom is not fatal it is very painful and requires medical assistance for proper treatment. If stung make sure you immediately apply pressure but avoid placing a bandage on the affected area. Submerse the stung limb or area within hot (but tolerable) water. Be sure to disinfect the area after following the procedure above. Again, make sure you seek medical attention to ensure that the venom is extracted from the area.<br /><br /></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" valign="top" width="100%"> <h2><br /></h2><h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">Breeding:</span></h2><br /> <em>Teacup Stingray </em> is one of the several species of freshwater stingray that has been known to breed in captivity.<br /><br />As in all species of freshwater stingray, fertilization is internal. During mating, the male will grab hold of the female's disc with his mouth and attempt to roll underneath her, where he will subsequently insert one of his claspers into her cloaca and deposit sperm.<br /><br />Freshwater stingrays are matrotrophically viviparous, giving birth to one to seven live young at a time after a gestation period of several months (dependent on species).The uterus is formed from the expansion of the oviduct. The embryos obtain nourishment from their yolk sacs early in their development. During the later stages of pregnancy, small, filamentous appendages called trophonemata develop within the uterus and penetrate the spiracle of the embryo, supplying it with a nutrient-rich fluid called histotrophe that feeds it until it is born.<br /><br /><strong>Gender Differences: </strong><br />Males display elongated, rolled copulatory organs called claspers on the insides of their pelvic fins. Females lack claspers and are generally larger than the males.<br /><br /><br /><h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">Disease </span></h2><br /> Teacup stingrays are highly vulnerable to argulus - commonly called Fish Lice. The small parasites attach themselves to the stingray’s disk and extract nourishment by piercing the flesh with a pointed organ called a style. The wound can cause bacterial or fungal infections. Although one or two may not cause a serious problem, a serious infestation can be fatal. To remove the argulus, one can carefully remove it with tweezers.<br /><br />Got a photo? <a ref="mailto:frutte_lim_sg@yahoo.com">Contact me</a><br /><table style="width: 100%;" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td> </tr><br /></tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table><h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">References Cited:</span></h2><br /><p class="style1">1. TeaCup Stringray, [Online], Accessed on 12 June 2008 [Available]<br /><a href=" />; </p><br /><p class="style1">2. <strong>Potamotrygon reticulata</strong>, Teacup Stingray, [ Online ], Accessed on 12 Nov 2009 [Available] </p><p class="style1">If you know of any good source of books or online sites, please do let me know. </p><p class="style1"> </p><input id="gwProxy" type="hidden"><!--Session data--><input onclick="jsCall();" id="jsProxy" type="hidden"><div id="refHTML"></div><input id="gwProxy" type="hidden"><!--Session data--><input onclick="jsCall();" id="jsProxy" type="hidden"><div id="refHTML"></div><input id="gwProxy" type="hidden"><!--Session data--><input onclick="jsCall();" id="jsProxy" type="hidden"><div id="refHTML"></div><input id="gwProxy" type="hidden"><!--Session data--><input onclick="jsCall();" id="jsProxy" type="hidden"><div id="refHTML"></div><input id="gwProxy" type="hidden"><!--Session data--><input onclick="jsCall();" id="jsProxy" type="hidden"><div id="refHTML"></div>2009/11/teacup-stingray.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Anonymous)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23583560.post-1183407882963814222Wed, 25 Feb 2009 10:41:00 +00002009-02-25T19:00:44.577+08:00ClownfishClownfish<hr /> <table style="border-collapse: collapse;" id="AutoNumber1" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" colspan="2" bg="" width="61%" height="40"> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Data Sheet</span></b></td> <td rowspan="6" width="89%"> <p align="center"> </p><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" alt="" src="; border="0" /></a><br />Semi Picasso Clownfish </div><p></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="19"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><span class="pCo"><b>Scientific Name:</b></span><b> </b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="19">Pomacentridae Amphiprioninae </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="1"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Other Names:</b> </span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="1">anemonefish </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="19"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Origin:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="19">Asia -Pacific Coral Reef </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="19"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Adult Size:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px;" border="" class="style1" width="39%" height="19">2-5 inches, depending on species </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" valign="top" width="22%" height="91"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Social:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="91">Very good. peaceful fish, but may get territorial </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="20"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Lifespan:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="20">3-5 years </td> <td width="89%" height="20"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="97"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Tank Level:</b> </span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="97">bottom, coral </td> <td rowspan="9" width="89%"> <p align="center"> <span style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><span style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" alt="" src="; border="0" /></a></span></span></p><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;">Tomato Clownfish </div> <p></p><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href="; </div><p></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="19"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Minimum Tank Size:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="19">20 gallons (but bigger recommended) </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="37"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Diet: </b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="37">Omnivore </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="19"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Breeding:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="19">Easy </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204); height: 19px;" border="" width="22%"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Care:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204); height: 19px;" border="" width="39%">Medium</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="19"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Ideal pH:</b> </span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="19">7.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="19"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <b>Temperature:</b> </span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="19">75° F. to 82° F.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" valign="top" width="22%" height="55"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Tank setup: </b></span> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="55">With corals, etc </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="22%" height="19"> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" ><b>Sexing:</b></span></td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; padding: 1px 4px; color: rgb(51, 51, 204);" border="" width="39%" height="19">Females are the largest. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" height="19"><br /></td> <td width="39%" height="19"><br /></td> <td width="89%" height="19"><br /></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table style="border-collapse: collapse;" id="AutoNumber3" width="97%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 29%;" valign="top"> <div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"><a href=" src="; alt="" width="288" border="0" height="190" /></a><br />two banded clownfish </div><br /><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="289" border="0" height="205" /></a><br /><br />Maroon clownfish </p> </div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" alt="" src="; border="0" /></a><br /></p><p>Goldbanded Clownfish </p></div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" alt="" src="; border="0" /></a><br /> Sabae Clownfish </p> </div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p><br /><p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="276" border="0" height="199" /></a><br /></p><p>Tomato Clownfish </p></div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p><br /><p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="289" border="0" height="184" /></a><br /> two banded clownfish </p></div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="300" border="0" height="202" /></a><br /></p><p>Amphiprion Clarkii </p></div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="298" border="0" height="229" /></a> <br />Saddleback Anemonefish </p><br /></div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="298" border="0" height="178" /></a> <br />Allards Clownfish </p></div> <p></p><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="305" border="0" height="181" /></a><br /> Yellow Clownfish </p> </div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="308" border="0" height="316" /></a> <br />Percula ClownFish </p></div><div style="margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;"> <p> </p> <p><a href=" src="; alt="" width="317" border="0" height="244" /><br /></a>Black Ocellaris</p></div> <p></p></td> <td valign="top" width="71%"> <h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">Description: </span></h2> <p>Clown fish are a speices of very beautiful fish that comes in various colors from yellow orange to red, and usually have white strips on their bodies. It grows to be about 8 cm in length. </p> <h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Habitat/Care:</h2> <br /><p>Saltwater fishes requires more space and care than freshwater fish. They are not recommended as beginner fishes as a result. For more information on requirements for saltwater fishes, please see the saltwater tank setup. In the wild they all form symbiotic relationships with sea anemones.Clownfish and certain damselfish are the only species of fishes that can avoid the potent poison of a sea anemone</p><br /><p>When a sea anemone is not available in an aquarium, they may settle in some varieties of soft corals, or large polyp stony corals. If the fish settles in a coral, it could agitate the fish's skin, and, in some cases, may kill the coral. Once an anemone or coral has been adopted, the clownfish will defend it. As there is less pressure to forage for food in an aquarium, it is common for clownfish to remain within 2-4 inches of their host for an entire lifetime.</p><p>Clownfish that are far removed from their parents through captive breeding may not have the same instinctual behavior to live in an anemone. They may have to be coaxed into finding the anemone by the home aquarist. Even then, there is no guarantee that the anemone will host the clownfish.</p><h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">Diet:</span> </h2><p>Most clownfish are omnivores. They should be fed a diet of brine shrimp, or chopped shrimp, squid or clams. They will also eat plant matter and can eat flake food, although the majority of their diet should consist of animal protein. They will also nip at algae and plant matter that grows in the aquarium and benefit from live rock growth. </p><h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">Breeding:</span></h2> <p>Since these fish live in a warm water environment they can reproduce all year long. Each group of fish consists of a breeding pair and 0-4 non-breeders. Within each group there is a size-based hierarchy: the female is largest, the breeding male is second largest, and the male non-breeders get progressively smaller as the hierarchy descends. If the female dies, the male changes sex, becomes the breeding female and the largest non-breeder becomes the breeding male. The fish apparently form lifetime pairs, exhibit courting behavior, and depending on the size of the female spawn about 400-1500 eggs per cycle</p><p>The fish lay their eggs in a safe spot close to the anemone from where they are easily protected, and the parents can retreat to the safety of the anemone if danger threatens. Anemonefish usually lay their nests in the evening after a few days of carefully cleaning and examining the chosen site. Preferred egg sites are flat or slightly curved rocks or some other item the fish have dragged near their nest for the purpose. (In captivity, clay pots and saucers are an attractive choice.) First the female deposits some eggs with her ovipositor (a whitish tube descending from her belly), making a wiggling pass over the surface, then the male follows behind her fertilizing the eggs. After many passes, the nest is complete and will hatch in 6-8 days shortly after sunset, usually on a very dark night. In the meantime, the male is very protective of the nest and ceaselessly fans the eggs to provide proper oxygen circulation, and checks them for any bad eggs, which he eats before they can rot and damage more eggs. Females may or may not help the male tend the nest. At hatching, the larvae burst free and swim up toward the moonlight and the open ocean to ride the currents and eat plankton for about a week, before the still tiny metamorphosed clowns return to the reef and look for an anemone to settle into.</p><h2><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Species:</span></h2><p><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Amphiprion ephippium</span></strong> clownfish looks very similar to the Tomato and Cinnamon clownfish in body shape, but it lacks the single white stripe behind the eye in the adults. A white stripe may appear in juveniles and a very small white stripe in sub-adults.<br /></p><p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"><strong>Amphiprion frenatus</strong> </span> is usually bright red as juveniles, older females will often be mostly dark red or black on the body. Juveniles can often be seen with 2 or 3 white stripes, but it will only have one stripe behind the eye as an adult.</p><p><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Amphiprion melanopus</span></strong> (Cinnamon) normally has a red face and dorsal fin and a predominantly black body, pelvic and anal fins, and a pail yellow tail. Most have a white stripe behind the eye, but in some fish in some populations the white stripe can be absent.<br /></p> <p><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Amphiprion ocellaris</span></strong> (Ocellaris/False Percula or Nemo) is the most common clownfish in the hobby. This fish is nearly identical to the Percula clownfish (Amphiprion percula) in appearance. The general differences between the two species is the thicker black border surrounding the white stripes on the Percula, and the amount of dorsal spines, Ocellaris having normally 11 and Percula having normally 10. The thickness of the black border can vary on Ocellaris, on some fish it is very thin while on others it can be a couple millimeters wide. The color of Ocellaris is variable, from light yellow, orange, brown, and in rare specimens black (reported to come from Darwin, Australia). </p><br /><p><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Amphiprion percula</span></strong> The color on this fish is variable from light orange to red, and often with such thick black borders around the white bands that they often connect the white bands.<br /></p><p><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Amphiprion perideraion</span></strong> (Pink Skunk) is normally a pink color with a white stripe down the back and a white stripe down the operculum (gill plate).<br /></p><p><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);">Amphiprion polymnus</span></strong> (Saddleback) is variable colored, ranging from light brown, black, and orange and black. This clownfish has 2 or 3 broad white bands with the middle band starting mid body and extending into the to back of the dorsal fin. The middle stripe often resembles a horse saddle. The black color form of this clownfish is often misidentified as a Black Percula, of which is also a misidentification of the Black Ocellaris.<br /></p><p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);"><strong>Amphiprion sandaracinos </strong></span>(Orange Skunk) is very similar to the Skunk Clownfish in color, except that the overall color of the fish is orange, and the white stripe down the back extends all the way to the top of the upper lip.<br /></p><br /><p><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">Premnas biaculeatus</span></strong> (Maroon) is the largest clownfish with females some times reaching as much as 7 inches (16.25 cm). Females of this species are usually a dark maroon red or brown in color while the males are more bright red. This clownfish most often has 3 white or yellow bands. It is often difficult to pair this clownfish. Large females will some times if not often kill a potential mate when introduced to an aquarium together.<br /></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" valign="top" width="100%"> <h2><span style="font-size:85%;">Got a photo? <a href="mailto:frutte_lim_sg@yahoo.com">Contact me</a></span></h2> <table style="width: 100%;" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr> <td><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href=" /></td> <td><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href=" /></td></tr><tr> <td><br /></td> <td><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr> </tbody></table><h2><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 204);">References Cited:</span></h2><p>SeaView Aquarium, <em><strong>Keeping Clown Fish CareSheet</strong></em>, [Online][Available], <a href="; ;</p><br /><p>Peto, <em><strong>Clownfish Care Sheet</strong></em> <a href=", <em><strong>Clownfish</strong></em>, [Online], [Available], <a href=" </a></p><p>The Aquarium Wiki, <em><strong>Amphiprion Percula</strong></em>, [Online], [Available], <a href=" </a></p><p>Live Aquaria, <em><strong>Ocellaris Clownfish</strong></em>, [Online] [Available], <a href=" </a></p><p>AquaWorld Aquarium, <em><strong>Clownfish and their Host Anemone,</strong></em> [Online], [Available] ; John H. Tullock, Clownfish and Sea Anemones: Everything about Purchase, Care, Nutrition, Maintenance, and Setting Up an Aquarium</p>2009/02/clownfish.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Anonymous)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23583560.post-2767336426661537848Fri, 12 Dec 2008 04:12:00 +00002008-12-12T12:17:34.828+08:00Blue CrayfishBlue Crayfish<a href=" /><div><a href=" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5278752351632526962" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 400px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 300px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="; border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div><a href=" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5278752346991236530" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 400px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 300px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="; border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><div><a href=" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5278752341666850114" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 400px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 300px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="; border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><div>One of my readers has submitted some pics of his blue crayfish. :) Thank for sharing! </div></div></div></div>2008/12/blue-crayfish.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Anonymous)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23583560.post-4927684354488557713Fri, 14 Nov 2008 04:16:00 +00002008-11-14T13:20:10.756+08:00saltwater aquariumtank setupSaltwater Aquarium Setup<p><span